寧夏活性炭深度處理技術

簡單介紹兩種活性炭(tan)深度(du)處理技(ji)術。

一、氧(yang)-活性炭聯(lian)用深度(du)處理技(ji)術(shu)

活性(xing)(xing)(xing)炭是(shi)一種由大(da)孔(kong)、中(zhong)(zhong)孔(kong)、微孔(kong)組(zu)成的(de)(de)多孔(kong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi),對有(you)機(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)去除主要靠中(zhong)(zhong)孔(kong)和微孔(kong)的(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)附作用(yong)。臭(chou)氧(yang)(yang)活性(xing)(xing)(xing)炭聯(lian)用(yong)深(shen)(shen)度處(chu)(chu)理(li)技術采取(qu)先臭(chou)氧(yang)(yang)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)后活性(xing)(xing)(xing)炭吸(xi)(xi)附，在(zai)(zai)活性(xing)(xing)(xing)炭吸(xi)(xi)附中(zhong)(zhong)又繼續氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)方法。其基(ji)本原理(li)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)炭層中(zhong)(zhong)投加臭(chou)氧(yang)(yang)，使水中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)大(da)分(fen)子(zi)(zi)轉化(hua)(hua)為小(xiao)分(fen)子(zi)(zi),改變(bian)其分(fen)子(zi)(zi)結構形態，提(ti)供了有(you)機(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)進入較小(xiao)孔(kong)隙的(de)(de)可(ke)能性(xing)(xing)(xing)，使大(da)孔(kong)內活性(xing)(xing)(xing)炭表面(mian)的(de)(de)有(you)機(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)分(fen)解，從而使活性(xing)(xing)(xing)炭可(ke)以充分(fen)吸(xi)(xi)附末被(bei)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)有(you)機(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)，達到水質(zhi)深(shen)(shen)度凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)。當然臭(chou)氧(yang)(yang)活性(xing)(xing)(xing)炭聯(lian)用(yong)技術也(ye)有(you)其局(ju)限(xian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)，如(ru)臭(chou)氧(yang)(yang)在(zai)(zai)破(po)壞一些有(you)機(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)結構的(de)(de)同(tong)時也(ye)可(ke)能產生一些有(you)毒有(you)害(hai)的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)間產物(wu)(wu)。研究結果表明(ming)，水源經臭(chou)氧(yang)(yang)活性(xing)(xing)(xing)炭吸(xi)(xi)附深(shen)(shen)度處(chu)(chu)理(li),氯(lv)化(hua)(hua)后出(chu)水水質(zhi)可(ke)能仍具(ju)有(you)致(zhi)突變(bian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)。   

二、臭氧(yang)-生物(wu)活性(xing)炭技(ji)術  

臭(chou)(chou)(chou)氧(yang)-生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)炭(tan)工藝是(shi)采(cai)用活(huo)性(xing)(xing)炭(tan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)理化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學吸附、臭(chou)(chou)(chou)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)降解(jie)及臭(chou)(chou)(chou)氧(yang)滅菌消毒四種技術合(he)為(wei)一體的(de)(de)(de)工藝。首先利(li)用臭(chou)(chou)(chou)氧(yang)預氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)作用，初步氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)分解(jie)水中的(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)及其它還(huan)原性(xing)(xing)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質，降低生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)炭(tan)濾池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)負荷，同(tong)時臭(chou)(chou)(chou)氧(yang)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)能(neng)使(shi)(shi)水中難以生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)降解(jie)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)斷鏈、開環，轉化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)成(cheng)簡單的(de)(de)(de)脂肪烴，改變其生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)特性(xing)(xing)。臭(chou)(chou)(chou)氧(yang)除了自身(shen)能(neng)將某(mou)些有(you)(you)害有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)變成(cheng)無害物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)外，在客觀上還(huan)可以增加小分子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，使(shi)(shi)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)炭(tan)的(de)(de)(de)吸附功能(neng)*更(geng)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)發揮(hui)。活(huo)性(xing)(xing)炭(tan)能(neng)夠迅速地吸附水中的(de)(de)(de)溶解(jie)性(xing)(xing)有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，同(tong)時也(ye)能(neng)富集微生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，使(shi)(shi)其表(biao)面能(neng)夠生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)出良(liang)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)膜，靠本身(shen)的(de)(de)(de)充氧(yang)作用，炭(tan)床中的(de)(de)(de)微生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)就(jiu)能(neng)以有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)為(wei)養料大量生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)繁殖好(hao)氣菌，致使(shi)(shi)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)炭(tan)吸附的(de)(de)(de)小分子(zi)有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)充分生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)降解(jie)。